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Compare Brunei (2006) - Bouvet Island (2005)

Compare Brunei (2006) z Bouvet Island (2005)

 Brunei (2006)Bouvet Island (2005)
 BruneiBouvet Island
Administrative divisions 4 districts (daerah-daerah, singular - daerah); Belait, Brunei and Muara, Temburong, Tutong -
Age structure 0-14 years: 28.1% (male 54,411/female 52,134)


15-64 years: 68.8% (male 138,129/female 123,017)


65 years and over: 3.1% (male 5,584/female 6,169) (2006 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products rice, vegetables, fruits; chickens, water buffalo, eggs -
Airports 2 (2006) -
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2006)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006)		 -
Area total: 5,770 sq km


land: 5,270 sq km


water: 500 sq km		 total: 58.5 sq km


land: 58.5 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Delaware about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The Sultanate of Brunei's influence peaked between the 15th and 17th centuries when its control extended over coastal areas of northwest Borneo and the southern Philippines. Brunei subsequently entered a period of decline brought on by internal strife over royal succession, colonial expansion of European powers, and piracy. In 1888, Brunei became a British protectorate; independence was achieved in 1984. The same family has ruled Brunei for over six centuries. Brunei benefits from extensive petroleum and natural gas fields, the source of one of the highest per capita GDPs in the developing world. This uninhabited volcanic island is almost entirely covered by glaciers and is difficult to approach. It was discovered in 1739 by a French naval officer after whom the island was named. No claim was made until 1825, when the British flag was raised. In 1928, the UK waived its claim in favor of Norway, which had occupied the island the previous year. In 1971, Bouvet Island and the adjacent territorial waters were designated a nature reserve. Since 1977, Norway has run an automated meteorological station on the island.
Birth rate 18.79 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) -
Budget revenues: $3.765 billion


expenditures: $4.815 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (2004 est.)		 -
Capital name: Bandar Seri Begawan


geographic coordinates: 4 52 S, 114 55 E


time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)		 -
Climate tropical; hot, humid, rainy antarctic
Coastline 161 km 29.6 km
Constitution 29 September 1959 (some provisions suspended under a State of Emergency since December 1962, others since independence on 1 January 1984) -
Country name conventional long form: Negara Brunei Darussalam


conventional short form: Brunei


local long form: Negara Brunei Darussalam


local short form: Brunei		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Bouvet Island
Death rate 3.45 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) -
Debt - external $0 $NA -
Dependency status - territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice and Police from Oslo
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Emil SKODON


embassy: Third Floor, Teck Guan Plaza, Jalan Sultan, Bandar Seri Begawan, BS8811


mailing address: PSC 470 (BSB), FPO AP 96507; P.O. Box 2991, Bandar Seri Begawan BS8675, Negara Brunei Darussalam


telephone: [673] 222-0384


FAX: [673] 222-5293		 -
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Pengiran Anak Dato PUTEH


chancery: 3520 International Court NW #300, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 237-1838


FAX: [1] (202) 885-0560		 -
Disputes - international in 2003 Brunei and Malaysia ceased gas and oil exploration in their disputed offshore and deepwater seabeds and negotiations have stalemated prompting consideration of international legal adjudication; Malaysia's land boundary with Brunei around Limbang is in dispute; Brunei established an exclusive economic fishing zone encompassing Louisa Reef in southern Spratly Islands in 1984 but makes no public territorial claim to the offshore reefs; the 2002 "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea" has eased tensions in the Spratly Islands but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct" desired by several of the disputants none
Economic aid - recipient $770,000 (2004) -
Economy - overview This small, well-to-do economy encompasses a mixture of foreign and domestic entrepreneurship, government regulation, welfare measures, and village tradition. Crude oil and natural gas production account for nearly half of GDP and more than 90% of government revenues. Per capita GDP is far above most other Third World countries, and substantial income from overseas investment supplements income from domestic production. The government provides for all medical services and free education through the university level and subsidizes rice and housing. Brunei's leaders are concerned that steadily increased integration in the world economy will undermine internal social cohesion, although it became a more prominent player by serving as chairman for the 2000 APEC (Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation) forum. Plans for the future include upgrading the labor force, reducing unemployment, strengthening the banking and tourist sectors, and, in general, further widening the economic base beyond oil and gas. no economic activity; declared a nature reserve
Electricity - consumption 2.726 billion kWh (2004) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2004) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2004) -
Electricity - production 2.906 billion kWh (2004) -
Elevation extremes lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: Bukit Pagon 1,850 m		 lowest point: South Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Olav Peak 935 m
Environment - current issues seasonal smoke/haze resulting from forest fires in Indonesia NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups Malay 67%, Chinese 15%, indigenous 6%, other 12% -
Exchange rates Bruneian dollars per US dollar - 1.6644 (2005), 1.6902 (2004), 1.7422 (2003), 1.7906 (2002), 1.7917 (2001) -
Executive branch chief of state: Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Council of Cabinet Ministers appointed and presided over by the monarch; deals with executive matters; note - there is also a Religious Council (members appointed by the monarch) that advises on religious matters, a Privy Council (members appointed by the monarch) that deals with constitutional matters, and the Council of Succession (members appointed by the monarch) that determines the succession to the throne if the need arises


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary		 -
Exports 192,700 bbl/day (2005) -
Exports - commodities crude oil, natural gas, refined products -
Exports - partners Japan 36.8%, Indonesia 19.3%, South Korea 12.7%, US 9.5%, Australia 9.3% (2005) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top, almost double width) and black starting from the upper hoist side; the national emblem in red is superimposed at the center; the emblem includes a swallow-tailed flag on top of a winged column within an upturned crescent above a scroll and flanked by two upraised hands the flag of Norway is used
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 3.6%


industry: 56.1%


services: 40.3% (2004 est.)		 -
GDP - real growth rate 1.7% (2004 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 4 30 N, 114 40 E 54 26 S, 3 24 E
Geography - note close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; almost an enclave within Malaysia covered by glacial ice; declared a nature reserve
Heliports 3 (2006) -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%		 -
Illicit drugs drug trafficking and illegally importing controlled substances are serious offenses in Brunei and carry a mandatory death penalty -
Imports NA bbl/day -
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, chemicals -
Imports - partners Singapore 32.7%, Malaysia 23.3%, Japan 6.9%, UK 5.3%, Thailand 4.5%, South Korea 4.1% (2005) -
Independence 1 January 1984 (from UK) -
Industrial production growth rate 7.3% (2003 est.) -
Industries petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas, construction -
Infant mortality rate total: 12.25 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 15.46 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 8.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)		 -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 0.9% (2004) -
International organization participation APEC, APT, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, C, EAS, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDB, IFRCS, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO -
Irrigated land 10 sq km (2003) 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court - chief justice and judges are sworn in by monarch for three-year terms; Judicial Committee of Privy Council in London is final court of appeal for civil cases; Shariah courts deal with Islamic laws (2006) -
Labor force 146,300


note: includes foreign workers and military personnel; temporary residents make up about 40% of labor force (2003 est.)		 -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 2.9%


industry: 61.1%


services: 36% (2003 est.)		 -
Land boundaries total: 381 km


border countries: Malaysia 381 km		 0 km
Land use arable land: 2.08%


permanent crops: 0.87%


other: 97.05% (2005)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (93% ice) (2001)
Languages Malay (official), English, Chinese -
Legal system based on English common law; for Muslims, Islamic Shari'a law supersedes civil law in a number of areas the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch Legislative Council met on 25 September 2004 for first time in 20 years with 21 members appointed by the Sultan; passed constitutional amendments calling for a 45-seat council with 15 elected members; Sultan dissolved council on 1 September 2005 and appointed a new council with 29 members as of 2 September 2005


elections: last held in March 1962 (date of next election NA)		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 75.01 years


male: 72.57 years


female: 77.59 years (2006 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 93.9%


male: 96.3%


female: 91.4% (2002)		 -
Location Southeastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and Malaysia island in the South Atlantic Ocean, southwest of the Cape of Good Hope (South Africa)
Map references Southeast Asia Antarctic Region
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm or to median line		 territorial sea: 4 nm
Merchant marine total: 8 ships (1000 GRT or over) 465,937 GRT/413,393 DWT


by type: liquefied gas 8


foreign-owned: 8 (UK 8) (2006)		 -
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Norway
Military branches Royal Brunei Armed Forces: Royal Brunei Land Forces, Royal Brunei Navy, Royal Brunei Air Force (Tentera Udara Diraja Brunei) (2005) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $290.7 million (2003 est.) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 5.1% (2003 est.) -
National holiday National Day, 23 February (1984); note - 1 January 1984 was the date of independence from the UK, 23 February 1984 was the date of independence from British protection -
Nationality noun: Bruneian(s)


adjective: Bruneian		 -
Natural hazards typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are rare NA
Natural resources petroleum, natural gas, timber none
Net migration rate 3.31 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) -
Pipelines gas 672 km; oil 463 km (2006) -
Political parties and leaders Brunei Solidarity National Party (PPKB) [Haji Mohd HATTA bin Haji Zainal Abidin]; National Development Party (NDP) [YASSIN Affendi]; People's Awareness Party (PAKAR) [Awang Haji MAIDIN bin Haji Ahmad]


note: parties are small and have limited activity (2005)		 -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 379,444 (July 2006 est.) uninhabited (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 1.87% (2006 est.) -
Ports and harbors - none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2 (transmitting on 18 different frequencies), shortwave 0


note: British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) station transmits two FM signals with English and Nepali service (2006)		 -
Religions Muslim (official) 67%, Buddhist 13%, Christian 10%, indigenous beliefs and other 10% -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.12 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female


total population: 1.09 male(s)/female (2006 est.)		 -
Suffrage none -
Telephone system general assessment: service throughout the country is excellent; international service is good to East Asia, Europe, and the US


domestic: every service available


international: country code - 673; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean); digital submarine cable links to Malaysia, the Philippines, and Singapore (2001)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 90,000 (2002) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 205,900 (2004) -
Television broadcast stations 4; note - including two UHF stations broadcasting a subscription service (2006) -
Terrain flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west volcanic; coast is mostly inaccessible
Total fertility rate 2.28 children born/woman (2006 est.) -
Unemployment rate 4.8% (2004) -
Waterways 209 km (navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 m) (2005) -
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